A Single Neanderthal Gene Differentiates African from European Immune Systems
A handsome Neanderthal.
You would think that since we are actually all one race, the human race, we would have the same susceptibility to diseases. But in fact, there is tremendous variance among the immune systems of different peoples living in varying parts of the world. The likelihood of developing certain infections, autoimmune diseases, or inflammatory conditions varies greatly, depending on where in the world your ancestors hailed. The immune systems of those of African and European descent diverge for instance, due to the different health challenges each population faced, historically.
Now, two new studies published in the journal Cell, help us to understand more about these differences. African immune systems are by and large stronger than their European counterparts, researchers found. Some of these variations can be traced back on the genetic level to proto-Europeans interbreeding with Neanderthals, which weakened their immune systems, over Africans who did not.
Homo sapiens left Africa somewhere between 100,000 and 60,000 years ago, and encountered a Europe already colonized by Neanderthals. Eventually, the two interbred, and the immune responses of Neanderthals helped home sapiens adapt to their new environment and the pathogens there. Sometime after, around 40,000 years ago, Neanderthals vanished from the Earth. Today 20% of the world population carries Neanderthal genes within them.
Since Europe had a colder climate, a subtler inflammatory response was sufficient, researchers believe. However, in Africa, pathogens are more robust and so a faster immune response was required to ensure survival. Though they may respond better to pathogens, having an African immune system does have a downside, a higher risk of an autoimmune disorders.
Lluis Quintana-Murci of Institut Pasteur and CNRS in Paris, led one study. He said their findings show that such differences are responses that have been transcribed into DNA. Since the single gene they discovered was passed on by Neanderthals already living in Europe, it is considered something that conveyed an evolutionary advantage.
The earliest homo sapiens to settle Europe interbred with Neanderthals and benefited from their immune systems.
RNA sequencing was used by Quintana-Murci and his team, to categorize immune cells called primary monocytes, taken from 200 participants, half of European and the other African ancestry. Researchers looked at how the cells would respond when encountering a certain bacteria or virus. Differences in gene activity within immune cells varied widely between populations. What differentiated these two studies from others is not only studying immune response but the gene expression behind them.
Quintana-Murci and colleagues found that changes in a single gene, adopted from Neanderthals, became integral in the modern day European immune system and how it responds to pathogens. This discovery offers substantial evidence pertaining to gene selection and immune response. Certain regulatory variants too came from Neanderthals, which Europeans “borrowed” when the two interbred. This all plays out in how a Caucasian immune system responds to viral infections.
Luis Barreiro was the senior author of the other study. Barreiro hails from University of Montreal and the CHU Sainte-Justine, also in Canada. He and his team tested how African and European immune systems, particularly cells known as primary macrophages, responded to live, pathogenic bacteria. The macrophages of 175 Americans, 80 African Americans and 95 Caucasians, were used. These cells were grown in dishes and then infected with either listeria or salmonella bacteria.
Le Moustier Neanderthals by: Charles Robert Knight, Public Domain, Wikipedia Commons
After infecting them, Barreiro and colleagues returned 24 hours later to see how each cell responded. Those of an African descent showed an inflammatory response three times faster than that of European Americans. But this also had a disadvantage. A more active immune system comes with a higher risk of autoimmune disorders, such as Crohn’s disease. This is why African American women are three times more likely to develop Lupus than white ones, for example. After that, researchers examined the genes behind these responses and found that 12,000 of them, approximately 30% of the total, were expressed differently between these two races.
More research will need to be conducted to see how immune systems of different races and ethnicities act in different ways. This research may someday lead to more personalized treatment options, properly tailored to the patient’s biology. Previously, the molecular and genetic basis for immune system differences has been a mystery, Bareiro said. This research illustrates how the history of natural selection continues to influence us to this day.
Modi Government Is Suffering From An Implementation Paralysis: Shashi Tharoor
Of colonialism, Congress, Kerala, gunpowder and ghee
It seems like a long time ago when Shashi Tharoor was an ambassador of India before the world stage, even coming within touching distance of the United Nations Secretary General's office. Tharoor is now firmly a part of India's political firmament. A second-time Lok Sabha MP from Thiruvananthapuram, he is now known as much for political controversies as for his books, as much for being a part of the Congress party establishment as a player in India's foreign policy.
We sit down for a chat over breakfast at the Tata Suite in Delhi's Taj Palace Hotel. It's a suite mostly reserved for visiting heads of state. "Of course," said Shashi Tharoor, as he stepped in, "I've been here." He recalled visiting the suite to meet former UN secretary general Kofi Annan, among others.
We didn't have to spend time picking our breakfast from a menu because we knew in advance what he was going to have: "Dr T has idlies for breakfast every day and has asked if the chef can supply tomorrow: 1. Pomegranate seeds with papaya; 2. Idlies; 3. The usual chutnies; 4. Gunpowder with coconut oil; 5. Coconut water."
I took the cue from my interlocutor on this day and picked my meal in advance too: a fluffy egg white omelette with chicken sausages and some greens.
We begin with coconut water right away. Tharoor is impressed the hotel has fresh coconut water in Delhi.
So what's been keeping him busy? "Plenty," he says, "but most recently, I've been busy with my new book that is now in the press." An Era of Darkness: The British Empire in India will be published by Aleph next month.
KAVI BHANSALI/HUFFPOST INDIA
In July last year, Tharoor spoke in a debate at the Oxford Union, ripping apart the British Raj as a rapacious force and arguing why Britain owed reparations to India. The video of the speech went viral, and the publisher immediately urged him to write a book on the subject.
He told his publisher, "Look, come on yaar, everyone has known this. I've known this since high school and college. It's Indian nationalism 101. But he said if everyone knew this it wouldn't have gone viral."
So there is nothing new in the book?
He laughs, giving his papaya some rest, and explains at length why the book is of relevance today. He has put together a lot of scholarship on colonialism that is recent. It's not just about how the British shaped caste and Hindu-Muslim relations, but also fascinating nuggets such as the one about the ship-building industry. In the days of wooden ships, India made better ships than Britain, but to promote their own industries, the British destroyed Indian enterprise, including the ship-making industry. In what promises to provide grist for the British literary journals, the book has rebutted the pro-Empire arguments put forth by the likes of Niall Ferguson.
India was always a more heterogeneous society than the West. We are not a mono-ethnic stateShashi Tharoor
Tharoor is all for moving on. History, he says, is its own revenge. "But if you don't know where you have come from, how do you know where you are going?"
So, for example, we need to understand how the British divide-and-rule policies separated and hardened identities, hurting the shared, syncretic culture between Hindus and Muslims.
That, Tharoor says, is the root of the majoritarian rhetoric of the ruling Bhartiya Janata Party, whereby they paint 700 years of foreign rule, equating Muslim rulers with British colonialism. The key difference, Tharoor says, was that most of the former stayed on, assimilated with Indian society, and contributed to it. In north and south alike, they contributed to Indian arts, crafts, culture and architecture. Whatever they took from India, they invested here.
Racism and xenophobia exist in many parts of the world and are on the rise today, but "India was always a more heterogeneous society than the West. We are not a mono-ethnic state." Tharoor hopes the Narendra Modi government would learn from the process of government how important it is to acknowledge India's diversity. India's diversity has always been one of its USPs and it would be "insane to throw away one of India's USPs on the grounds of majoritarian politics."
KAVI BHANSALI/HUFFPOST INDIA
He keeps the pomegranate seeds aside for the moment and asks for the idlies to be served. He gives a "pretty high rank" to the Modi government's policies "as articulated". How can the Congress oppose the reforms carried out by the Modi government, he asks, when they were all initiated by the UPA? "You've got the Aadhar bill, the insurance bill, increasing foreign direct investment and the Goods and Services Tax. All of these were initiated by the UPA, opposed by the BJP and now adopted by the Modi government. These are our policies, so we welcome them."
It is implementation where Tharoor finds the Modi government failing, especially on programmes such as Swachh Bharat, Start Up India, Make in India and Digital India. "They have said a lot but they are not being translated on the ground," he says.
Tharoor doesn't buy the reasons usually given for the tardy pace of change. One explanation is that two and a half years isn't much time. "They are halfway through their term. They should at least be able to demonstrate the beginnings of progress."
No party in India has a monopoly over virtue and no party has a monopoly over corruptionShashi Tharoor
A "slothful bureaucracy" isn't a good excuse either for him. "That may partly be the result of an over-centralised administrative system. If the slothful bureaucracy is the excuse that they have to send everything up in a file to the PMO and it sits there, then obviously they won't get things done. Ideally, one needs to empower more people, decentralise more authority, give ministers more power than they currently have and allow them in turn to trust their own bureaucrats to get things done."
Ironically, the Modi government's centralisation of power in the PMO is the very opposite of how things were in the Manmohan years. In the UPA's ten-year regime, there seemed to be too much decentralisation, with powerful ministers undermining the prime minister. When I make this point, we go into the familiar UPA debate, with Tharoor using UPA-1's achievements ("from RTI to RTE") to cover the UPA-2's failure.
"No party in India has a monopoly over virtue and no party has a monopoly over corruption," he says. We are in the midst of a rather dated discussion of what led to the Congress getting reduced to a historic low of 44 seats in 2014. "The history of UPA-2 needs to be re-examined in light of what we have seen since then. We had the rather unpleasant phrase 'policy paralysis' flung at us for a very long time. We can turn around and say right now there is implementation paralysis."
Tharoor spent a brief eleven months as a minister of state for external affairs in 2009-10 until the corruption allegations over his involvement with the IPL controversy took cost him his job. Tharoor jokes that being an MoS was like standing in a cemetery. "There are a lot of people under you but nobody is listening."
KAVI BHANSALI/HUFFPOST INDIA
At heart, the former UN official remains a foreign policy wonk. What does he think of Modi's foreign policy? How is it different from the UPA's?
"I don't think the Modi government's foreign policy is very different in substance from ours. But he has brought a great amount personal energy into his foreign travel, which is certainly admirable. When a country's leader travels around the world, the country is noticed. Another difference, in a less attractive way, is the chest thumping that seems to accompany a lot of things. Everything is grist to a PR mill. So you go to Myanmar and do something that has been done 7 times before, but you do such chest thumping that the country concerned complains they are embarrassed. Similarly, the surgical strike or attack or whatever you want to call it is being put to use in UP," he says.
Tharoor is of the view that there is no such thing as a Congress foreign policy or a BJP foreign policy. "There's only India foreign policy. Our political differences stop at the borders. Unfortunately, the ruling party today is using foreign policy and security policy for partisan political gain. And that is not a healthy trend," he says.
Our political differences stop at the borders. Unfortunately, the ruling party today is using foreign policy and security policy for partisan political gainShashi Tharoor
Perhaps in keeping with the idea that there is no BJP or Congress foreign/security policy, he supports the surgical strike and also supports the lack of military action after the 2008 Mumbai attacks. "At that point I think the government did the right thing. Even at the time I wrote that showing restraint once is something we can do. The political price of showing restraint the second time is not worth paying. So the message must go, this time we shall show restraint provided the Pakistanis co-operate. For some months the policy worked. Zaki ur Rehman and others were arrested. There was huge diplomatic pressure on Pakistan from across the world. And the Pakistanis did behave. For the next few years, there was only one major terrorist attack, on the German bakery in Pune. Otherwise we did have a respite from terrorism. So our policy not only at the time but in hindsight was the right thing. But at the same time, a second Mumbai attack would not have gone unpunished," he says.
That's all very well, but how does the Congress revive itself? It's a question many have stopped asking, the party's slow death is now deemed a foregone conclusion.
"Firstly, we are trying to identify the issues on which the government can be said to have failed the people, and highlighting such issues before the public. Second is to show serious activism, such as through Rahul Gandhi's kisan yatra in Uttar Pradesh—going out to the people and showing our presence," he says.
KAVI BHANSALI/HUFFPOST INDIA
But he's alive to the larger problem. "One thing I am big on is to revive the grassroots presence of the Congress. One of the Congress' traditional strengths has been that it is everywhere. There was a time when there was no village without the presence of the Congress. Those units were not merely active every five years for elections. Those units did social work in the intermediate five years, helped people in need and so on. Somehow that tradition has been atrophied and I think some effort has to be made to revive that," he says.
While that is a tall order, Tharoor has a personal suggestion for his party. "I am also big on creating a structure to engage educated people, professionals and the middle class. There are a lot of educated people who are not happy with the majoritarian direction of our politics. They would be happy to contribute to thinking through an alternative. I don't mean an alternative in a political sense alone. I have suggested to the party the creation of a Professionals' Congress along the lines of the Mahila Congress and the Youth Congress," he says.
This writing off of the Congress is massively pre-mature. Much worse was being said about the Congress in the '90s when Sitaram Kesari was heading the partyShashi Tharoor
Such plans and hopes, some would say, are already too late. Facing one electoral defeat after another, the Congress is widely considered to be in terminal decline. "You are slightly behind the times," he says, pointing to the recent sense of resurgence of the Congress in Punjab, despite the aggressive push of the Aam Aadmi Party. In other words, Punjab is a victory the Congress desperately needs.
"This writing off of the Congress is massively pre-mature. Much worse was being said about the Congress in the '90s when Sitaram Kesari was heading the party. A lot of very senior leaders left." He counts the names of those who left: Pranab Mukherjee, ND Tiwari, Mamata Banerjee, Mani Shankar Aiyar, P Chidambaram and Arjun Singh. "People thought the Congress was finished. But most of these came back."
As the idlies are served, we move to Kerala. The BJP has been making a push in Tharoor's home state and is strongest in the capital, Thiruvananthapuram, from where Tharoor has won two consecutive Lok Sabha elections. But Tharoor thinks it is not going to be easy for the BJP to wrest his constituency. "The attraction of having a representative who is potentially a minister always weighs heavily with voters."
As my fluffy egg white omlette arrives, Tharoor is breaking his idlies with a fork, mediating them with the chutnies, with very little sambar.
KAVI BHANSALI/HUFFPOST INDIA
I ask him about the continuing political violence in Kerala. "There seem to be some very specific factors that have made the two parties like Sicilian warring clans, where you are born into a blood feud, the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. We were able to contain it when we were in power, because we've been neutral. We didn't take sides and the police were objective. But now that one of the two sides is in power, namely the Left, I would say that undoubtedly it has become worse in recent weeks. There was a perception in the past that the CPM has an unfair upper hand, largely because they had greater political power in the state than the RSS. Today with the RSS in power, as it were, in Delhi, that is no longer true. Therefore the two sides are more balanced and unfortunately the number of victims is increasing," he says.
Where MPs have done good work for the constituency, that weighs heavily with voters. Voting on identity has rarely been a full explanation for anythingShashi Tharoor
As the gunpowder and coconut oil arrives, Tharoor quickly remembers he wasn't done answering my question about his ability to retain his constituency in the future. "The BJP's rise across the state is interesting in terms of vote percentage, but still modest. They only had about 10% of the vote in the assembly elections, and we are talking about a long way to go before they could be a significant contender for power. There's only one constituency in the Lok Sabha election where they came second, and that was mine. Objectively, one could argue that there is no reason why they are in a position to do much better in Kerala. The voters also tend to judge on the basis of performance. Where MPs have done good work for the constituency, that weighs heavily with voters. Voting on identity has rarely been a full explanation for anything."
In other words, Tharoor doesn't see the BJP snatching away his seat anytime soon.
My fluffy omelette, meanwhile, is delicious. It's an education in how good egg white can taste, if you liberate it from its eternal role as bland sidekick to the flavourful yolk.
Tharoor changes his mind about the gunpowder-and-coconut-oil mix. He asks the butler to give him gunpowder and melted ghee instead. "They shouldn't be mixed but given separately."
Tharoor's attention to the gunpowder mix suggests his morning preference for idlies isn't just a habit but a ritual. "I eat idlies for breakfast every single day, including in New York. When I was working at the UN, I used to make my own idlies in industrial quantities, freeze them and thaw four at a time every morning. I couldn't live without them."
As he mixes his gunpowder with ghee, making his own fresh gunpowder chutney, I ask him about his legal troubles. "What legal troubles? I don't have any." He makes me spell it out: the Delhi Police's repeated questioning of him in the investigations of his wifeSunanda Pushkar's death.
KAVI BHANSALI/HUFFPOST INDIA
"One of the more unpleasant experiences of being in politics has been that when you suffer a personal tragedy, instead of being allowed to mourn in peace, you are harassed by a voyeuristic and sensationalist media and, I might say, by some opposition party individuals as well. In fact the election campaign of 2014 was particularly vicious because of personal attacks on me, just three months after the tragedy," he says.
"But when you say legal troubles, there is no case against me or against any individual. The police have spent two and a half years trying to establish whether there was a crime at all. No one in the family, in which I include her two brothers and her only son, as well as me, has had any reason to suspect any sort of crime. And yet we have cooperated fully with the authorities to answer any query they've had, no matter how unreasonable. The fact that almost three years after the tragedy there has been no proof of crime, raises the question, why is it still going on?"
The fact that almost three years after the tragedy there has been no proof of crime, raises the question, why is it still going on?Shashi Tharoor
The media suggestion, based on hints by the Delhi Police, that Tharoor was involved in Pushkar's death, was in his book a heavy price to pay for being a politician. It was a moment when he regretted having joined politics. But there were other such moments, especially in his first year in politics. "I went through one agnipareeksha after another. Everything I said or did was deliberately twisted. Cattle class was a classic example. All I meant was to tease the airline for herding us like cattle. Somehow it was translated and twisted into my being a snooty elitist who had disdain for economy class travel. It had nothing to do with that at all."
"There was the IPL controversy. I am still shocked anyone could believe I had taken money in a process where players are given money. So when I was forced to resign at the end of 11 months I wondered whether I had bitten off more than I can chew," he says as he is finishing his idlis. Asking for south Indian filter coffee, he describes his first year in politics as ragging in college. Not being a quitter, he says he's now passed those freshmen's tests.
Before we can move to the cameras for some portraits, Tharoor has a last dietary requirement. He sheepishly takes out his box of vitamins and pops some. "People say I've been Americanised," he jokes. It was bad enough that our meeting cost him his time at the gym this morning.
How to Generate Reliance Jio Barcode for Free Sim Card?
Although unlimited 4G & free voice calling is available for just 90 days, Reliance Jio is still providing a great deal. But process to get new sim might be tricky for someone & we are here to help such people. (Trick to generate unlimited bar code added)
How to Generate Barcode for Getting Reliance Jio Sim
Let us proceed..
1] First of all, you will need 4G enabled smartphone & mobile data. Do not use wifi connection (for me it didn’t worked, but it might work for you).
Note : Offer will not work on Non 4G devices.
2] Go to play store & download jio barcode app also called as ‘My Jio’ app. It’s almost 15 MB in size.
3] Open it and wait for few seconds. Now it will show a banner at top about ‘jio welcome offer’.
4] Below that, you will find small tab to enter your state & city. Just choose appropriate location.
5] Next it will ask you to enter first name, last name & mobile number. You will receive OTP (one time password) to verify the number you have entered. Step 1 completed!
6] Further, app will prompt you to download JioJoin app (now name changed to Jio4GVoice).After clicking it will redirect to play store. Just install it & grant all the permissions.
7] Open My Jio again & this time you will see coupon code/barcode.
8] That’s it..now show this coupon at Reliance store to receive your free sim.
9] Next part is of activation & many people are finding this step difficult. So to make it simple, we have created separate article on it :
Open it, grant all permissions & install each app given on home screen one by one.
Now turn off data / wifi.
Kill all background apps. Go to settings & clear MyJio app data.
Restart your phone (not necessary, but I recommend you to do this).
Do Not turn on data or wifi.
Open MyJio app & now it will show ‘Get Jio Sim’ option.
Now turn on mobile data & click on that option.
Generate barcode & grab your free reliance jio sim!
Trick to Generate Unlimited Barcode for Reliance Jio
Few people are getting problems while generating bar code. Even after trying all the tactics mentioned above you are not finding ‘Get Jio Sim Option’ then here is another trick for you.
Few points to be noted :
It’s a risky method, we will not be responsible for any damage caused to your phone.
You will need rooted phone. If you don’t know how to root mobile, refer to this guide.
Method :
Download ‘Imei changer’ apps from play store. There are plenty of apps available, you can install any one of them.
It will ask for SuperSU permissions and click on ‘Allow’ every time.
Now change your IMEI to any Samsung 4G mobile’s IMEI.
If you don’t have Samsung phone, then use this IMEI : 35742207091XXXX.
Replace XXXX with any 4 digits number.
Save everything & restart your phone.
Now open MyJio & you will find ‘Get Jio Option’ this time.
You can again change IMEI and repeat same procedure if you want to generate unlimited Bar Codes.
Problems Faced While Generating Jio Barcode & Common Issues
What is the validity of barcode?
When you get the coupon, validity is mentioned just below it. If you have generated coupon in September month, then most probably it will be valid till 31st December 2016.
Jio Barcode expired, now what?
Reliance is extending validity of unused codes. I had generated code on 2nd September which was valid till 15th Sep. But when I opened it again few days back, validity was set back to 31st Dec.
Can I generate Jio Offer Code on 2G/3G Phone?
May be yes! Read this paragraph to know more about this method. It’s already working fine on iPhone & samsung phones.
How to Re-Generate Jio Barcode?
Close the MyJio & kill all the apps running in background.
Again open MyJio & wait for few seconds. It will show you the code in slider.
If it’s still not showing, then perform following procedure.
Go to settings > application manager > MyJio.
Clear all data including cache.
Now open the app to get your Jio offer code.
How to Get Jio Barcode in iPhone?
Click here to download My Jio app from itunes store. It is 50 MB in size.
Open it & sign up for new account.
Enter existing mobile number & verify it with OTP.
Now you should be able to generate the coupon code.
Ever wanted to earn free recharge just by sitting at home? If so, then this article is for you! Now, you can easily top up your mobile with following Top 20 Highest Paying Android Apps which gives Free Recharge.
Earn Money, Free Mobile Recharge From Android Apps
Ladooo is best app to get free mobile talktime. It has been downloaded by over 10 lakh users across India. So, it’s highly reliable and recommended as it gives new offers every time & rewards instantly. They have also included “Paid Recharge” option which works almost similar to Freecharge. Just load some cash in your wallet with credit/debit card and use that money anytime for recharging your mobile/dth or even bills on the go!
Note : Don’t use any tricks for earning, else your account will be blocked!
Update : Now you can easily transfer ladooo credits to paytm wallet! Maximum of 5 redemption request can be made per day.
This is really an innovative concept by ‘Balance Hero’ developers. Do you know, I have literally lost 3000 Rs on one of my Vodafone sim. My netpack was exhausted but since my message box was full, I didn’t receive any notification.
Then I started searching on play store for the app which can do this task for me & finally landed on TrueBalance.
It shows me the balance left as well as data available on both the sims. Thankfully, it gives an alert when data pack is about to exhaust. Moreover, when you end a call it tells you the amount spend for that duration.
Many of the times, android system consumes lots of data and we are totally unaware of what’s happening there. Also, certain apps keep on running in the background eating more and more net balance. True balance has nice system to keep a track of every activity. It features 2 tabs, one of which displays data consumed by the user & another one shows data used in background.
It reads your messages smartly & displays how many times you have recharged your number along with the amount.
Let’s come back to its another awesome feature, Free recharge! Yes, all you have to do is open true balance & tap on ‘earn’ section present at the top of screen. Now, it will show you 2 tabs : Invite friends & offers.
Both are great ways for earning plenty of free recharge. Inviting gets you anywhere between 10-30 Rs per friend & it’s faster way to grab some cold cash.
Task Bucks is new free recharge app which is providing 25 Rs paytm cash per friend. In this app, there are various sections like offers, contest, stories, forms etc. You also get money for using pre-installed apps in your phone (For example, you might find an offer like : open flipkart app > browse it for 5 minutes and earn 5 Rs likewise..) By participating in various contest, you can earn upto 300 Rs in one shot but again, it’s on lucky draw basis. Those who are having plenty of free time, can use “Form” section. Just fill out simple forms and get paid instantly.
As of now, TaskBucks is offering 40 Rs per friend along with free 100 MB 3G bonus data. I have been using it from past 4 months and I almost made more than 60,000 Rs just by inviting friends. It’s advisable not to use this app on rooted devices because there are chances of account getting blocked. Those who are using malpractices will face an error like : “Sorry, your Paytm transfer request couldn’t be processed”. So, use it legitimately to enjoy free recharge!
Again, Earn Talktime is one of the most popular free recharge android app which has been installed by over 1 lakh users. It gives upto 100 Rs per referral and minimum cash out amount is 30 Rs. Update : Now you can redeem your money in the form of Flipkart gift cards!
It’s a genuine app and we have already made over 11 thousand from it within just 3 months. Here is our earning proof –
[We have already made almost 1,00,065 Rs from this app] Complete the offers from advertisers and get upto 100 Rs free mobile recharge using Mcent app. It’s now giving 40 Rsper referral!
As said earlier, we have earned more than 1 Lac Rs within 1.5 years time span. Many of you won’t believe, so here is proof:
This is little bit off topic, but believe me it works like a hell! I’m still earning steady income of ~10,000 Rs per month from this campaign. Everything you need to know about UC union program has been already discussed in the link given below. Just promote apps using your facebook/twitter or any account and earn some quick dollars right away! See the attached screenshot below, it explains everything.
Online shopping was never so rewarding! Do you know, now you can free recharge by simply buying stuffs through this app? Yes, that’s true. If you are going to order any mobile, electronic accessories from Flipkart or Amazon, then just do it from Fokat. You will get extra cashbacks which can be further redeemed in the form of talktime. Along with that, you will also earn massive 50 Rs for every referral.
Joy is one of the best free recharge/talktime providing android app available on play store. You can share this app with your friends on Whatsapp to earn 10 rs/download.
Update : Here’s another good news for all members! If you are looking for free paytm cash giving apps, then this will get your job done. Just update Pokkt to latest version and you will start seeing paytm redemption option on home page itself. Minimum 20 & max 100 Rs can be transferred to wallet daily.
(30 Rs per referral) Pocket Money also known as POKKT is cool app with user friendly interface. Sometimes it offers highest paying surveys worth 20 Rs.
FreeCharge is leading brand which is popular for its online recharge and bill payment service. Currently it is providing 50 Rs credits for every referral which can redeemed in the form of mobile recharge or DTH bill payment. Just go to Refer & Earn section and look for your unique 50 cashback coupon. Ask your friend to do his mobile transactions using your coupon and you will earn 50 Rs. You can easily make up to 5000 Rs from this cool campaign.
As name suggests, DataBack app refunds all your internet data which was consumed while surfing apps. Means instead of getting just mobile recharge, you will get free MB’s or GB’s. For example : Open databack app>choose any of the app given in list (say ola, grofers, freecharge etc) > whatever data the opened app will consume will be added back in Databack in terms of MB.
If you have got tons of friends, then from now onward you won’t find need to activate costly data packs on your phone anymore! Just share this cool app and earn 25MB instantly!
Just use invite code 98240 at signup to avail free 10MB data!
Cashon is best recharge rewarding application which is currently offering 15 rupees referral gift. This is not all ! After downloading, your wallet will be credited with bonus amount of 10 Rs!
Get instant mobile recharge just by trying new games in android market. It gives 50 Rs talktime for referring 10 friends. It supports all prepaid and postpaid operators like Idea, Airtel, Vodafone, BSNL, Aircel, Tata Docomo. The great part is – now you can easily transfer your credits to Payumoney wallet. These points can be redeem against foodpanda, bookmyshow, grofers and thousands of other Indian merchants.
Freeplus is good app which gives talktime for watching popup ads and downloading new applications and games. Minimum redemption amount is 10 Rs. It gives 5 Rs per invites and sometimes upto 7 Rs for successful referral registration.
This amazing app lets you earn unlimited recharge by trying variety of applications. It has deal section where one can find coupons for FoodPanda, Monginis, PizzaHut and many other. As a part of promotion, FreeB (app by Spice Digital) is giving 20 Rs per invite. Hence you can earn 100 Rs easily just by inviting 10 friends on whatsapp or facebook!
With Cash Boss, it is so easy to earn talktime. No login required! Just verify the mobile number and start earning money on your android! Cash Boss will provide you new offers based on your profile preferences. You can also recharge any mobile number instantly after reaching minimum balance of Rs 10. Surprisingly, coupondunia is the developer of this awesome app.
This user friendly app has been loved by almost 5 lakh Indians. Honestly, I have never seen any other app in this category with 4.6 rating. It’s small in size (2.6 MB) and absolutely flawless in function. Moreover, it gives free 20 Rs just for joining! Detailed commission structure is shown below:
Now you can earn huge free talktime just by installing few apps on your android. FTT app is offering more than 15 Rs for each download and 7Rs per refer.
This revolutionary ad platform has got some cool integration which are rarely seen in other apps. You can easily earn money by sharing the latest news, stories, gossips etc. “Scratch & win” feature is really amazing and it gives assured rewards too.
Freedom is just awesome! You have got an option to transfer your earned credits into Mobikwikor Payumoney wallet!!
EarnCash is easiest way to make some cool cash right from your phone. Just login with Facebook or Google and start earning money. Never pay for recharge ever again!
[Expired] This one is great app to earn money. Just refer a friend and you will earn 10 Rs instantly. I have personally earned 960 Rs from it within a month. You can use this promo code4F5G0R4 at the time of sign up to get 10 Rs joining bonus.
[Expired] Super recharge is new awesome application which gives you best offers in market. It will help you not only in earning money but also to win televisions, DVD, movie tickets and more.
GetEasy (also known as mad call) is very useful app which gives daily 3 calling minutes absolutely free for tata docomo users. Other network operators will get 10 Rs mobile recharge. Just install app and watch 3 video ads daily before making call to get rewarded.
Mojo gives free cash and gift cards for referring and completing surveys. We can redeem our money using Paypal or Flipkart vouchers. Mojo is now giving Rs 24 per referral.
Paisa Swipe is most popular app which is basically a lock screen application for android. For every swipe, you get credits which can be redeemed as Freecharge or Paytm vouchers.
Tim Tim is cool earning app with awesome user friendly interface. You get points for doing simple tasks mentioned on dashboard. You can redeem earned cash in the form of mobile talktime.
Watch advertisements and share it with family, friends for getting rewarded. Currently, it is paying 5 Rs bonus for inviting people (Invite code to get extra credits: 1091).
NEW Have you ever heard about DailyHunt (formerly known as NewsHunt) app? It’s one of the best news aggregator app available on android which keeps you updated with fresh stories & important headlines. It collect feeds from popular news blogs like Aaj Tak, Lokmat etc and shows it at one place. There are 15+ languages to choose from! So you can always read the stuffs in your local languages. Book lovers will find this app awesome as it gives access to tonnes of free & paid e-books.
Using dailyhunt, you can easily earn free recharges upto 300 Rs. Just use their referral program and earn 10 Rs per friend who installs the app and uses your invite code.
For earning 10 Rs instantly, you can use this referral code : YMV8LQ
[Expired] Previously, Niffler was giving 50 rupees Paytm cashback vouchers and it is again back with new offer! Just sign up via Facebook and start referring friends with your unique downloading link. Both of you will earn 20 Rs instant discount Freecharge coupons (stopped temporarily).
